Somagu NAT 小鸡的挂载过程
Somagu 提供了免费的 kvm 技术的 vps（免费到2017年9月底），虽然是 NAT 的（共享公网 IP），但是线路不错还是可玩的。
Somagu 小鸡根据你选择的 OS 模板，默认只有2.2G 或是8G 的硬盘空间。但是它提供了20G 的 Disk，但是需要我们自己去挂载。官网的说明
If you created a VPS based on OS template, your extra disk space is at /dev/vdb device. Please mount, format and use it.
好吧，下面记录一下挂载过程，Linux 挂载基本都是这个套路了。
# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 222M 0 222M 0% /dev
tmpfs 244M 24K 244M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 244M 8.3M 236M 4% /run
tmpfs 244M 0 244M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1 8.0G 3.7G 4.4G 46% /
tmpfs 49M 0 49M 0% /run/user/1000
看到了，只有8G。
# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes, 16777216 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000b2270
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vda1 * 2048 16777215 8387584 83 Linux
Disk /dev/vdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/vdc: 0 MB, 374784 bytes, 732 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
有/dev/vda, /dev/vdb, /dev/vdc;其中/dev/vdb有21.5G,但是没有分区
# fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xb548910e.
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p):
Using default response p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039):
Using default value 41943039
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 20 GiB is set
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
按照界面的提示，依次输入“n”(新建分区)、“p”(新建扩展分区)、“1”(使用第1个主分区)，两次回车(使用默认配置)，输入“wq”(保存分区表)，回车开始分区。
# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes, 16777216 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000b2270
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vda1 * 2048 16777215 8387584 83 Linux
Disk /dev/vdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xb548910e
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vdb1 2048 41943039 20970496 83 Linux
Disk /dev/vdc: 0 MB, 374784 bytes, 732 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
再次查看，/dev/vdb已经分区了，vdb1已经创建完成。
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
1310720 inodes, 5242624 blocks
262131 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2153775104
160 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
完成格式化
# mkdir /data
# mount /dev/vdb1 /data
# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 222M 0 222M 0% /dev
tmpfs 244M 24K 244M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 244M 8.3M 236M 4% /run
tmpfs 244M 0 244M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1 8.0G 3.7G 4.4G 46% /
tmpfs 49M 0 49M 0% /run/user/1000
/dev/vdb1 20G 45M 19G 1% /data
新建/data 文件夹; 挂载/dev/vdb1 到/data; 查看结果，成功挂载了。
重启后挂载回消失，所以最好能够自动挂载。先创建 /etc/fstab 文件的备份，再编辑
# cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.backup
# vi /etc/fstab
输入：device_name mount_point file_system_type fs_mntops fs_freq fs_passno
本例：
/dev/vdb1 /data ext4 defaults,nofail 0 1
# mount -a
如果运行通过则说明文件正常，刚刚创建的文件系统会在下次启动时自动安装. end.
最后修改于 2017-09-02